Neuroanatomy and Functional Anatomy (4 cr)

Evaluation scale

H-5

Objective

NeuroanatomyYou internalise the normal structure and functions of the neural system of the body as well as the basics for its control. You can take good use of the knowledge in your studies and in future profession in health care.You know how the neural system changes during the growth and ageing and are familiar with the pato- and healingsphysiological processes.You know the functions of the senses from the nervous systemYou know the Latin names of the structures in the neural systen and the corresponding professional terminology.You are able to find out information about anatomy and physiology from different sources.You are able to combine the functions of the neural system with tha general mobility and physical ability and are familiar with the nervous system in the muscles and area of skin sensation.You know the theoretical principles of neural tissue mobilisation.You are able to palpate nerves of the body and examine through palpation the sensivity of the skin, functions of the (merkkilihas) tendon reflexes and state of proprioception as parts of the physiotherapeutic diagnosing.Functional anatomyYou are able to observe the postures and basic movements of different parts of the body and their relation to each other and recognise the factors that have influence on them (agonist/antagonist) as a part of the basis for physiotherapeutic examination.You are able to use simple equipment for the ecamination of the body and its parts (observation, videos and photography)You know the basics of massaging

Content

NeuroanatomyStructure of neurons (nerve cells): Different types of neurons and how the impulses will move ahead in the cells and from one cell to another. Back neurotransmitters and their functions.Nerve and nerve root lesion: Structure of nerve root lesion and nerves, (structure and responses of hermotuppi during the motion, blood circulation, plexus, the biggest nerves in the limbs and in the body and dermatoms, myotoms and sklerotoms, cranial nervesTheoretical basics of neural tissue mobilization.Central nervous system, peripheral nervous system:Topographic parts and their location, landmarks and division.Functional regions of brain: Location and tasks especially wiwth regard to the motion, motion control and modification and brain structure that influences the senses and functional regions. The nucleus in general and the striatal uptake (basal ganglia).Spinal cord: Structure and functional regions, blood circulation.Autonomic nervous system: Parts, location and tasks considering different tissues, connnection to endokrinology?Meninges in the spinal cord and brain: Connection to (hermotuppi). Blood and fluid circulation in the spinal cord and brain.Senses: From physical phenomenon to interpretation of sensations (pain, visual perception, optical perception balance, temperature, skin sensation, physiology and examination of pain.Healing- and pathophysiology of nerves, symptoms caused by growing and ageing.Learning as a neurophysiological phenomenon, plasticityFunctional anatomyTerminology and language of anatomy, physiology and partly kinesiology.Observation of the posture and motion of body parts, joints, direction of movement, level and axis.Equipment for the observation of the posture and motion of the body and its parts

Materials

Neuroanatomia, 2op:Sand, Sjaastad, Haug, Bjålie & Toverus. 2014. Ihminen. Fysiologia ja anatomia. SanomaPro. (Luvut: 4. Hermosto ja 5. Aistit) Muut vastaavat teokset soveltuvat myös.Ahonen, Sandström. 2011. Liikuva ihiminen - aivot, liikuntafysiologia ja sovellettu biomekaniikka. VK-kustannus Oy. (Luvut: 1.1. Hermosto liikkumisen ja toimimisen ohjaajana ja 1.3. Liikkeiden ja liikkumisen säätely)Physiofile. Neurodynamiikka 1. (Neurodynaaminen diagnosointi, tutkiminen, hoito/mobilisaatio, annostelu).Butler. 1994.Mobilisation of nervous system sekä Shacklock.2005. Clinical neurodynamics.Toiminnallinen anatomia II, 2op:Kosunen, Rytivaara, Timonen & Vekka. 2014. Nivelet ja mittaaminen. Nivelten aktiiviset liikelaajuudet. BoD, Helsinki. (HANKI OMAKSI)Kauranen. 2017. Fysioterapeutin käsikirja. SanomaPro. (HANKI OMAKSI)Luomajoki. 2018. Liikkeen ja liikekontrollin häiriöt. VK-kustannus Oy. (HANKI OMAKSI) Pehmytkudosmobilisaatio ja hieronta lähteitäPihlman, Heiskanen, Luomala & Kaaretsalo. 2017. Hieronnan käsikirja. SanomaPro.Lumio, Asmussen, Montag, Saari, Vaismaa, Appelquist & Luomio. 2009. Käytännön lihashuolto: warm up, cool down, venyttely, hieronta, urheiluhieronta ja teippaus. VK-kustannus Oy.Earls & Myers. 2010. Fascial Release for Structural Balance. Lotus Publishing.

Student workload

Neuroanatomia 2op, 54h: Aktiivinen osallistuminen kontaktiopetukseen, itsenäinen opiskelu.Toiminnallinen anatomia 2op, 54h: Aktiivinen osallistuminen kontaktiopetukseen, itsenäinen opiskelu.